Cancer Pathogenesis Of Cancer - 1058 Words

There has been a spontaneous advancement in the understanding the pathogenesis of cancer over the last two decades. Even though there has been a significant success in the knowledge of tumor, there still a wide gap in the treatment of tumors. There is a little treatment information available on cancer making it difficult to control it. Chemotherapy remains the only effective treatment method used. This study aims at examining the possible roles of the p53 gene in leukemia and how that data can be utilized for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Due to its potent tumor suppressive activity, a molecular understanding of p53 action will create significant experiences into specific procedures that limit tumor growth and may identify key†¦show more content†¦There are essentially two pathways that transduce signs to start apoptosis in leukemia. The primary route is the extrinsic pathway. It includes the trimerization of death factors like CD95/Fas/APO-1 or TNF receptor one which initiates caspase 8, which initiates the apoptotic machinery. The second pathway is the intrinsic pathway. This pathway involves the p53 gene and is subsequently of more concern. The p53 gene initiates the arrival of cytochrome C from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol. The cytochrome C in the presence of ATP reasons the oligomerization and activation of Apaf-1 and caspase 9 as per Schuler, (2000). Therefore, then prompt caspase three and other effector caspases that cause apoptosis. By utilizing this data, experiments have been carried out that try to induce apoptosis in cancer cells by activation of the p53 gene. One particular examination was done on the human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2, which is deficient in p53. According to Schuler (2000), an introduction of the p53 gene led to apoptosis through an intrinsic pathway. Subsequently subjecting p53 to gene treatment might be of enormous importance in the battle against leukemia. According to Liu (1994), it has additionally been discovered that p53 mutant tumors are more unstable genetically and this state of instability may enable the tumors to become more rapidly resistant to drug treatments. Since p53Show MoreRelatedPathogenesis of Cervical Cancer2028 Words   |  9 PagesCELL BIOLOGY ESSAY -- PATHOGENESIS OF CERVICAL CANCER Introduction According to the Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health (2011), cervical cancer becomes the tenth commonest cancer in Hong Kong in 2008. Cervical cancer usually arises from sexual activity and human papillomavirus (HPV) (Bellentir, 2002). In this essay, Human papillomavirus would be further discussed. For example, the signal transport pathway of HPV 16 and HPV 18, which many scientists believe that they are closelyRead MorePathogenesis And Treatment Of Breast Cancer1235 Words   |  5 PagesPathogenesis It is known that cancer, in general, is a group of diseases that is characterized by the out-of-control growth and spread of a group of abnormal cells, which can often times result in death. More specifically, breast cancer is a hormonally dependent disease, which causes malignancy in the epithelial cells of the ducts and/or lobules of the breast (Lippman, 2012). Therefore, â€Å"women without functioning ovaries, who never receive estrogen-replacement therapy, do not develop breast cancer†Read MoreAn Essay On The Importance Of Hpv1264 Words   |  6 Pagesvia skin-to-skin contact and does not favor one global location over another [7]. Cervical HPV type infections are the most studied and understood pathology of the viral infection leading to tumorigenesis, but is gaining clinical relevance in oral cancer pathology. To fully understand HPVs pathology, researchers have tried to identify risk factors associated with individuals infected with this virus. Some risk factors associated with HPVs infection include, but are not limited to, gender, age,Read MoreThe Center For Disease Control1380 Words   |  6 Pageswith cervical cancer being the most serious outcome related to HPV, the state of Georgia falls in the mid-interval of 6.66 to 7.87 with HPV-related cervical cancer per 100,000 people. It is evident that this disease is more prevalent in rural areas and among underserved populations. HPV is actually a group of more than 150 related viruses and each individual virus from this group is numbered, also known as the HPV type. This STI is known for its cause for genital warts and cervical cancer; the frequencyRead MoreEssay On Essophagus Cancer793 Words   |  4 PagesEsophagus cancer (EC) is the 8th most common cancer in the world1, which makes it a high mortality rate cancer. It is estimated that about 17,000 cancer cases will be diagnosed in the USA with 18% of patients having 5-years survival rate2. Adenocarcinoma variants of EC is more common in the USA due to obesity and acid reflux problems3. Moreover, 50% of EC patient develops metastatic EC, which is hard to treat4. To date, very few drug treatments seem to be effective only against locally advanced ECRead MoreDevelopment Of Drugs With High Potency And Inhibitory Activity1618 Words   |  7 Pagesmade testing specific sensitizing mutation necessary. (1) (EGFR) T790M mutation a successful example of a biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment with Osimertinib that gained a wide acceptance in clinical practice in Europe and US (), One question that needs to be asked, however, is whether testing for similar mutations in different cancer will be of clinical value. an unknown subpopulation of patients with CRC will have an activating EGFR mutation, such as L858R, which is thoughtRead MoreBreast Cancer Essay751 Words   |  4 PagesThe term â€Å"breast cancer† refers to a malignant tumor that has developed from cells in the brea st. Breast cancer can begin in different areas of the breast, or in some cases, the tissues in between. There are many different types of breast cancer, including non-invasive, invasive, recurrent, metastatic breast cancer, as well as the intrinsic or molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in around 20-30% of breast cancer tumors. It is associatedRead MoreEssay On Lncrnas883 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the most frequent cancers among women is breast cancer, which have prevalence more than 1,300,000 worldwide every year, and accounts for more than 450,000 deaths yearly [21]. In recent years, the next-generation sequencing technology have been used as an powerfull tool by researchers to study cancer data, including cancer diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis. This technology enabled researchers to investigate all human genome transcripts, including non-coding versions. Recent investigations haveRead MoreIdentification and Characterization of Somatic Mutations Associated with Progression of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Having FLT3ITD 668 Words   |  3 Pagesinhibitors in treatment of AMLFLT3ITD† at Cancer Science Institute (CSI) of Singapore, National University of Singapore (NUS) was the ideal experience to acquire skills in molecular cloning, cell culture, protein biochemistry, bioinformatics and exome sequencing. The molecular pathogenesis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia has not been completely deciphered yet but develops through a multistep acquisition of a wide range of somatic mutations. Therefore, investigation of cancer genome sequences and structures provideRead MoreResearch Paper On Rhizopus Delemar821 Words   |  4 Pagesof specimens and cultures of the organisms. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) with encapsulated RNAs (exRNAs), have emerged as an important cell-cell communication conduit that holds great promise not only in diagnoses but also treatments of cancer and infectious diseases. We have performed deep-sequencing, profiling and annotation of extracellular small non-coding ribonucleic acids (ex-sRNAs) isolated from two clinical strains of R. delemar. Approximately 3.3 and 3.2 million clean sRNA reads

Ethics - 1232 Words

Ethics In the healthcare profession management and employees have developed policies and procedures to help the general staff understand their role and what they are able to do according to their job description. Each hospital develops their own policies and procedures according to their needs always staying within the law. These policies and procedures help to work through ethical problems or dilemmas that a healthcare professional encounter daily. In the healthcare profession ethical dilemmas/problems are encountered every day by all of the healthcare professionals. As a registered nurse and throughout the years, I have encountered many problems of different magnitude; different situations that can affect physically and emotionally,†¦show more content†¦It is hoped that the chaplain will hopefully be able to reason with Mr. and Mrs. Banks that physical punishment is not a way to treat another human being especially their daughter. I am hoping that the chaplain will be able to reason with Rachels parents and make them understand the critical situation their daughter is in. That God would not want their daughter to parish due to lack of medical treatment. The physician on duty can explain to them the severity of the current situation and how rapidly it can advance to a critical state, and that if Rachel goes untreated there is a big possibility she can die as well as her unborn baby. The primary care nurse can offer su pport to both patient and parents and remain impartial, the supervisor will offer support to her staff as well as Rachel and her parents in addition will arrange for conference calls, meetings, and research other methods in which Rachel can be helped. Autonomy needs to be provided to the primary care nurse so she can do a good job in taking care of Rachel during her labor and allowing her to provide support for the parents as well. She will be encouraged to be sensitive and understanding, not judging toward Rachels parents. As healthcare providers we need to remain in partial and not judge people for their decisions. We need to listen to Mr. and Mrs.Show MoreRelatedEthics And Ethics : Ethics922 Words   |  4 Pagesand friend group to be altered. One change I was not anticipating making was my approach to ethics. Over the course of the past fifteen weeks, my knowledge of ethics as well as my approach to ethics has changed. I have become more knowledgeable about the different approaches to ethics and have gained insight as to where I stand in my approach to ethics. One thing that has changed in my approach to ethics since the beginning of the semester is I am now adamant that it is impossible to arrive at aRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pages†¢ Define ethics. 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The real question is however, are Ethics black and white? Is what is â€Å"right†Read MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics955 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Ethics is a key moral philosophy that helps us determine what is right and wrong. This paper will talk about my views on ethics. I will share personal examples of ethical situations that I have been in. I will also share where my ethical views originated from and why ethics is important to me. Next, I will discuss how ethics will affect my career and why it will be important in it. Lastly, I will talk about the importance of ethics in the global world. Personal: In my opinion ethics is a moralRead MoreEthics And The Ethics Of Ethics929 Words   |  4 Pages Ethics Nurse’s Before all parties involved can begin a working relationship, each individual should discuss and obtain a written description of the duties expected and the code of ethics that should be respected and followed; by beginning with a clear understanding of ethical values. 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To make ethically right decision in this ethical dilemma, I will focus on the philosophers’ standpoint and reasoning of ethics of care, ethics of justice, utilitarian ethics and universal principle to analyze the situation. In this tough situation, my conclusion is that I will not report this action to the higher authority although she is violating wor k place ethics code. I will provide my reasoningRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics1569 Words   |  7 Pages Ethics In Nursing Rayda M. Garcia Fairleigh Dickinson Universityâ€Æ' Ethics In Nursing The study of ethics, or applied ethics, is necessary for healthcare professionals who often face dilemmas that are not experienced by the general population. The fast-paced growth of medical technology has made the study of ethics even more relevant. The study of bioethics, or biomedical ethics, refers to moral dilemmas due to advances in medicine and medical research. Since medical law and ethics are oftenRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics1485 Words   |  6 Pages Ethics is a concept derived from an individual’s religion, philosophies or culture, forming a collection of moral principles carrying out the manner in which a person leads their life. In modern society philosophers divide ethical theories into three separate areas, meta-ethics, normative ethics and applied ethics. Meta-ethics refer to the origins and meanings of ethical principles, dealing with the nature of moral judgement. Normative ethics refers to what is right and wrong and concerned withRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Ethics987 Words   |  4 PagesEthics affect every facet of life, especially in a professional community. When a decision is to be made within a community, the ethical decision is typically that which benefits the most people or harms the least people. There are some scenarios however, when the correct decision based on a system of ethics that values doing the right thing is not the decision that leaves behind the least negative impact on the organization. An organization must decide if it will follow the system of ethics that

Napster Analysis Essay Example For Students

Napster Analysis Essay Sean Fanning, the creator of Napster, had no idea of the effects when he jumpstarted Napster in 1998. Hundreds of thousands of songs were being exchanged by the blink of an eye, minute after minute, millions by the hour. This had the record companies and artists heads spinning with no solution for the matter in sight. From the greed stricken record industry executives to the teenagers downloading the latest Limp Bizkit track, it seemed as though everyone had their own stance towards the file sharing experience. Despite its popularity, not everyone was thrilled with Napster and other file sharing communities. The continuous usage of Napster causes catastrophic long-term effects for the music industries. The record labels have been the loudest voice of opposition and yet the most unwilling to compromise. They say that the program enables users to violate copyright laws, which into profits. Under the law these companies are justified. The Copyright Act of 1976 says that owners have five rights:1. Only the copyright owner may reproduce or make copies of the work. 2. Only the copyright owner may create adoptions of the work. 3. Only the copyright owner may distribute copies of the work to the public. 4. The copyright owner has the exclusive right to perform the work in public. 5. Only the copyright owner may display the work in public. Napster recklessly defies all of these. Without exception every right of a copyright holder is violated. It is publically acknowledged that in many ways it is in fact stealing from the copyrighted material. Mike Langberg of Mercury Records states that Musicians would stop recording new music, because they couldnt afford studio time. There wouldnt be any big new stars, because the record industry couldnt justify the intensive marketing that exposes promising talent to a national audience. So therefore the people who are abusing the gift of music by downloading it free of charge would eventually make the artist creating the music unable to make new music because they would not be making any money. Such financial incapacitations would devastate all record labels foreign and domestic. Napster affects the artist both new and old because it doesnt allow them to make the money they have worked hard to make. Those who really suffer from Napster and other file-sharing programs are newer bands . When a record label picks up a new band, it is uncertain whether they will have the appeal necessary to hold the attention span of the American public. For this reason young artists are not paid that much for every CD that they sell. The first album that an artist releases is not meant to make money, but to solidify their status as an entertainer. With the introduction of Internet file-sharing a varible has been created in the assessment process. A band could have huge popularity, yet their label would not know it because file exchanges are not reported. These new artists are the ones that need the sales the most, and often times do not produce them because their one good song can be downloaded from the Internet. On the other hand, old bands such as Metallica who dont need to solidify their status, as entertainers believe that paying the artists through the Internet by having memberships would be a possible solution. Metallica has tried to reason with Napster and asked them to tak e them off of their lists and Napster refused. Lars from Metallica says that they are suing Napster for one reason because they exist to pirate music. To the old artist money is the least important factor on why they hate Napster; they just dont like their music being shared without their permission. All of the artists should be able to choose whether on not their music can be shared for free, and if they dont wish for it to be shared then it shouldnt and it should be left at that. .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 , .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 .postImageUrl , .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 , .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4:hover , .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4:visited , .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4:active { border:0!important; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4:active , .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4 .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucabfb207d49c31d20f66c447a6d460f4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Support The Death Penalty EssayLast but not least, the retail stores are not pleased with the introduction of file sharing programs. The music manager at Media Play in Enfield, CT states, I was reading in Billboard magazine that the record industry has lost something like 6 billion dollars on the Internet file sharing already. That works out to be like ten thousand dollars for this store alone. He also said that Media Play has made no official statement on Napster and other sharing services. While they are affected by the loss of sales, retail stores are not taking much action, because they do not own the music they only sell it. The ones who do own the music are the recor d companies and the artist themselves. Similarly the Manager at Sam Goody in Ridgmar Mall said, Whenever everyone started using Napster the sales decreased dramatically and it has caused them to have to raise their prizes to be able to make money, and that isnt fair to the customers who still actually buy CDs. Not only has Napster affected the retail stores sales, but it has also caused the prices to increase. In conclusion, when something is abused, it is not respected, it is taken for granted and it loses any prestige that it once held. In this case it is an extreme matter because of the dramatic implication and repercussions. Such an abuse of music would in turn unmake its self by the constant downloading and the dissecting of the music industry and be cutting out the middle man that keeps the whole game going from an economical standpoint