Central Concepts of the Enlightenment in LIngenu - Literature Essay Samples

Voltaire’s work L’Ingenu follows the main character, the Ingenu, across the Atlantic into England and then shortly thereafter chronicles his travels into the province of Brittany in northern France. There are various examples of the spirit of the Enlightenment that show Voltaire’s rejection to the old ideas of society, which at the time were based around deep-rooted traditions and people’s religious faiths, while at the same time promoting the new age idea of using logic and reason to help reform civilization. Voltaire used writing as his tool to encourage the general public to accept these radical new thoughts, as he wrote in a letter in 1767, â€Å"I write to act,† and that he did using his gift of writing to promote the Age of Enlightenment. The Age of Enlightenment was a time of drastic change, as intellectuals were challenging the age-old values that society was then built upon. The ideas were coined from various philosophers such as John Locke, Isaac Newton, Renà © Descartes, Thomas Hobbes, and of course Voltaire. These wise philosophers promoted the ideas that modern science and reason can help to improve people’s daily lives. Three fundamental ideas stemmed from these thoughts; individualism, relativism, and rationalism. The idea of individualism was obsolete back then, mostly because people were grouped into sects, usually based solely on their religious beliefs. This new influx of individualism promoted the importance of the individual and the rights that each individual is born with, which is what John Locke referenced to in his Second Treatise of Government. The second idea that arose was relativism, which was the notion that each different culture, belief, idea, and value all had equal worth. This was a very radical and dangerous thought to be introduced back then, mainly because of the overwhelming power of the Catholic Church. The last idea of rationalism was the impression that by utilizing the power of reason, people could arrive at the stark reality of civilization and use that to then improve the world. Renà © Descartes is considered the ‘Father of Modern Philosophy’ for his thoughts regarding rationalism and is quoted on saying â€Å"I think, therefore I am,† which means the simple thought of doubting one’s own existence, therefore means that the â€Å"I† in fact exists to do the thinking. That quote epitomizes the Enlightenment era through combining the ideas of individualism, relativism, and rationalism. The Age of Enlightenment brought profound changes to cultures across the world, leading to a decrease in the dependence upon the traditional religious and political sources of authority and an escalation in democracy, human rights, and s cience. L’Ingenu speaks directly for the ideas of Enlightenment, as the Ingenu rejects the long-standing beliefs of tradition, while leaning towards the values of thought and reason. The first example of such is when, after reading the Bible, the Ingenu foolishly interprets that to be a Christian he must be circumcised, â€Å"I cannot think of one person in that book [the Prior] made me read who wasn’t† (200). Luckily for the Ingenu, the Prior used his reason to overrule the long-standing tradition of circumcision, being as the Ingenu was already a grown man at this point and circumcision would’ve been quite painful to say the least. The second example of Enlightenment occurs shortly thereafter, when it is time for the Ingenu to get baptized, he goes to the river because the Bible states you should be baptized in running water. When the Prior tells him that isn’t how it is done anymore the Ingenu says, â€Å"You’re not going to pull the wool over my eyes this time the way you did the last. I’ve gone into things a lot since then, and I am quite certain that there is no other way of being baptized† (202). The Ingenu is rejecting the age-old traditions of Brittany, and insisting on being baptized in running water as his reason tells him to directly interpret the passages in the Bible. Each time the Ingenu believes he is doing something the Bible directly tells him to do, he is told that he is wrong; by doing this Voltaire makes the Church seem very hypocritical. The last example of the Ingenu’s belief in the ideas of Enlightenment stems from while he is locked up in the Bastille; he develops his own ideas through various readings, throwing out all of his previous knowledge. Through these readings he realizes all of the horrors and faults of the world, and using his newfound reasoning, comes to the conclusion that, â€Å"It is an ill wind that blows nobody any good† (253). This phrase means that misfortu ne to one can come to benefit another, while also stating a ‘wind’ bad enough will come to benefit no one. He came to this conclusion using his senses of science and reason, not through following the typical traditions or religion. L’Ingenu is a tragic love story, but its roots are deeply intertwined with the destruction of old ideas and the birth of contemporary morals leading to the Age of Enlightenment. Voltaire used this story of the Ingenu to not only show people the hypocrisy of the Church, but he also utilized it as an agent to promote the ideas of the Enlightenment movement, showing that science and reason can tear down the ancient pillars of faith and religion. With the help of other philosophers, the Age of Enlightenment was welcomed by the general public, whilst being opposed by leaders of the ever-powerful Catholic Church. The Age of Enlightenment brought the beliefs of democracy, human rights, and science to the forefront of the public’s attention, and without the help of the philosophers of that day and age, the world could be a very different place today.

Decline in Applications for Online MBA Degrees. Myth or Fact 2019

Business Week Online has reported that there is a sharp decline in the number of MBA applicants. The reason behind this is thought to be that the students are opting for part time, executive or non USA programs. There is a general feeling that a more universal education for management is required to cater to the escalating global economy. If you are not moving ahead in your professional life, this decline may prove to be a boon. For if there are less MBAs around, the chances of you exploiting the situation increases. Thus, making a secure future for you. If you do not possess a MBA degree, you are probably being regularly superceded. A degree or an advanced course will immensely benefit you. But if you are unable to quit your day job, have a family to support or cannot move to another place, you still have options open for you. .ue288555ef97d80c2c72f0db0fc886ffd { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ue288555ef97d80c2c72f0db0fc886ffd:active, .ue288555ef97d80c2c72f0db0fc886ffd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ue288555ef97d80c2c72f0db0fc886ffd { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ue288555ef97d80c2c72f0db0fc886ffd .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ue288555ef97d80c2c72f0db0fc886ffd .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ue288555ef97d80c2c72f0db0fc886ffd:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Online Computer Science Degree Important Contributions to Society from Professionals in Computer ScienceYou may be aware of online courses. More so about the online MBA programs. You may have a feeling that they are no as influential as a usual on campus degree. It might appear to you as not the real thing but you are wrong here. Increasingly large numbers of companies are hiring candidates with online MBA degree. They dont discriminate between the candidates on the basis of type of course completed to obtain the degree. At present, approximately 19,000 students have enrolled in the University of Phoenix for online degree programs. The website for MBA Business Schools offer a listing of schools and details of the programs offered by them, online or on campus and a comparioson of both. There are about 150 schools listed and a brief synopsis of each school and its philosophy. MBA360.com is another useful site which helps to decide the type of schools that suits you best. It outlines the curriculum of the program, its duration, delivery method, placement opportunities offered, networking capability and financing of your enrollment. .u210f3af4ad50f4627aa460f27ad2c7d1 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u210f3af4ad50f4627aa460f27ad2c7d1:active, .u210f3af4ad50f4627aa460f27ad2c7d1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u210f3af4ad50f4627aa460f27ad2c7d1 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u210f3af4ad50f4627aa460f27ad2c7d1 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u210f3af4ad50f4627aa460f27ad2c7d1 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u210f3af4ad50f4627aa460f27ad2c7d1:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Earning Your Masters of Business Administration Degree OnlineFinally what you have to understand is that advanced knowledge has a role in furthering your career and providing you with better job options. If less people are enrolling in online or say traditional MBA programs, it doesnt mean that the degree is not valuable. Advanced education and degree is useful tool in the financial workplace, including the global economy. A degree in related specialization goes a long way in making or breaking a career. Many a times, seemingly negative statistics as decrease in MBA enrollment by some organizations, can make things better for you. So dont wait for changes to happen. Change them yourself. Discover the diversity of options out there waiting for you. You wont regret the decision. Advanced education and training always reaps positive results. Related ArticlesSociology Degree A Jumpstart to a Management Career or a First Step to Becoming a SociologistWhy not an MBAAn Executive MBA Is The Leadership DegreeYour Financial Future with a Finance degreeA Doctor of Business Administration Degree Unlocks the Door to the Global EconomyOnline Finance Degree and a Secure Financial Future .u5434fdd61cd747720c90d729432ebe34 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u5434fdd61cd747720c90d729432ebe34:active, .u5434fdd61cd747720c90d729432ebe34:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u5434fdd61c d747720c90d729432ebe34 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u5434fdd61cd747720c90d729432ebe34 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u5434fdd61cd747720c90d729432ebe34 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u5434fdd61cd747720c90d729432ebe34:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Connecticut Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus-based Education

Christians Are The Ones Waiting For Coming Of God s Kingdom

We Christians are the ones waiting for coming of God’s kingdom. God’s kingdom has come in Jesus Christ. However, this leads to the subsequent question; then, why are the evil and sin still rampant in this world? In this essay, the nature of the kingship of Jesus in the gospel of Mark shall be discussed in further detail. Mark indicates that Jesus is a â€Å"messiah (christ)†. This word can be seen in the very beginning of the gospel, starting with â€Å"The beginning of the good news of Jesus Christ, the Son of God.† (1:1) Ferreira points out that it is widely believed among the scholars that the word â€Å"good news (gospel)† have been â€Å"associated with Roman imperial cult where it was used in connection with the proclamation of the emperor’s appearance as the divine world-ruler and the inauguration of His reign.† Hence, the phrase â€Å"the good news of Jesus Christ, the son of God† conveys the more significant message to the reader: the new rule of God. In Jesus’ time, Jews were longing for their new anointed king, who is the descendants of David and is hoped to drive out the Roman Empire from Palestine in order to obtain the everlasting righteousness, peace, and prosperity (cf. 24, 145; Isa. 2:2-4; 49:10-13; Jer. 9:24; 23:5-6; Daniel2, 7). Howe ver, their expectation that the messiah should be glorious and powerful enough to control all over the world was disappointed, since the messiah is a â€Å"son of man† with weakness and misery. Jesus reigns the world as a â€Å"son of God†, which impliesShow MoreRelatedThe Holy And Resurrection Of Jesus Christ995 Words   |  4 Pagespurpose to the Church who, like a bride, awaits her groom. The eschatological reality of the coming Kingdom of God, inaugurated in the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, presently breaks forth to forms the Church for its mission. 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Satan causes mental and physical disease in Luke 8:26–36; 13:10–13 and you cannot forget Job. Both good and bad people alike are his victims. Meanwhile God supports the people who love Him. Scripture shares with us in Romans, â€Å"In all things God works for the good of those who loveRead MoreThe Holy Of God And The Church1900 Word s   |  8 PagesSynopsis: Throughout the scripture kingdom is identical with ruling, militant and conquering. And, the Church develops an idea of growing and worshipping. To substitute the word ‘Church’ with ‘Kingdom’ are not identical though they are closely related. After careful study of the Scripture the Kingdom of God and the Church of God raise many questions i.e. the relationship between both, the differences between two, is Kingdom going to be political earthly Kingdom during the Millennium or is the Church

Working in Partnership

Question: Describe about the Essay for Working in Partnership? Answer: Introduction This report is primarily concerned with the Working in Partnership in the Health and Social Care. It is considered as the most effective and efficient way to deliver service to the service users. Service are already in vulnerable condition, so it is the sole responsibility of the caregivers and health professionals to provide them utmost care and superior level of service (Addicott, 2009). It is the embracing strategy for successful delivery of service. Employees in the health care organization should work as a team. In partnership working, two or more than two people are engaged with the common interest. While working in partnership, employees should have faith and trust on each other (Weinstein et al., 2013). Working in partnership is actually a shared responsibility with the intention of delivering superior level of quality service to the patients and family members of patients. Understand partnership philosophies and relationships in health and social care services Explain the philosophy of working in partnership in health and social care There are six different philosophies in the health and social care partnership working. These six philosophies are acknowledged and aspired as the ultimate philosophies for the health and social care. At first, in the health care sectors Autonomy is conceptualized where caregivers can take their own decision while giving service to the particular one (Carnwell, et al, 2009). They are the decision maker of the service user but recently due to the complexity of disease and complexity of treatment procedures, health care professionals have to take decision after consulting with the other service users. According to Soothill (2005), the philosophy of working in partnership in health and social care is based on set of values and beliefs. Caregivers have to learn how they should behave with the co-workers of the other organizations and agencies (Edwards, 2005). The procedures of working in partnership refer to the working with the other health care organizations or other healthcare agencie s to provide utmost support to the service users. Mutual supportive partnership develops with the service users. Due to the blessing of internet, people are getting aware of the treatment procedures, in short they become autonomous; so they have knowledge regarding their disease and they take decision based on their knowledge. Health care professionals or caregivers should not divert or confuse the employees, regarding the treatment procedures (Glasby Dickinson, 2008). Patients and family members of patients can able to make decision based on the findings and information. Before, the health care sector had full domain on the condition of the patients, they can manipulate the choices of patients but now they are unable to do so. Transparency in the health care setting helps to enhance the quality of service (Timor-Shlevin Krumer-Nevo, 2015). There are several philosophies, which are related to the working in partnership in health care setting, the philosophies are: Philosophy of empowerment: The meaning of empowerment is to share the power with someone who is lack in power. Power from the colleagues or from the external agencies will help the weaker person to improve his or her abilities. It is a process of enhancing the abilities of the people so that they can able to solve their own problems. This ability will help them to understand they even they have ability take decision and besides, this helps to enhance the self-confident. People start feeling that they can control the own problems and they have power to take own decision (Glasby Dickinson, 2009). If a caregiver can able to take decision for the company then the caregiver will definitely feel confident and this will enhance his or her satisfaction level. Philosophy of Independence: Independence facilities the individual to take their own decision; independence is the exact opposite of dependence. Independence is considered as the personal characteristics, ability, self-autonomy and control (Glasby Peck, 2004). Philosophy of Autonomy: If an individual tries to act on self-interest then the individual should have freedom. This individual freedom is known as the autonomy (Hunter Perkins, 2014). Personal autonomy is u7nderstood as the ability, which helps individual to change the resources and environment of the organization according to the self-interest. Philosophy of Respect Respect is the integral part of every organization; due to lack of respect people do not want to work even (Jelphs Dickinson, 2008). Main function of respect is to protect the individuality and autonomy of the service users. Service users are provided with all the necessary documents and details of the treatment procedures. Service users are asked to take their own decision. Healthcare professionals should respect the belief and values of the patients. Philosophy of Power-Sharing Every employee in the health care organization has certain goals and individual is entitled to accomplish the goal (Mackenzie, 2009). Collaborative partnership will help the employees to share the knowledge with the other so that they can understand the organizational goals. Philosophy of Informed Choices While taking any decision, people want to access the information easily. To take better decision for the welfare of the organization, it is necessary to collect quality information. Philosophies are not helping the people to teach them how they should behave with the co-workers and service users, philosophies are basically the framework for understand the ethical dilemmas (Manthorpe, 2008). In several situations, health care professionals have to face difficulties while taking the right decision, in that case, these philosophies help them to mitigate the risk in the setting and work mutually. Evaluate partnership relationships within health and social care services While working in the health care setting as the medical professional, it is the duty of the medical practitioners to behave well with everyone. Patients from different ages are coming to avail treatment like children, male, female and elderly person, all are in vulnerable condition. Support workers have to deal with them; patients come from different countries and communities so they medical practitioners have to deal with them fairly (Odle, 2008). Good partnership working facilitates in building strong and effective relationship with the co-workers and service users. Multi-disciplinary team is working in the organization and it is necessary to retain a good relation with all of them (Soni, 2014). In that case, communication is the best procedure. Working n partnership definitely has positive impact of the treatment procedures and the welfare of the patients so UK Governing Body is major step to implement the policy of working in partnerships (Snape Taylor, 2004). There are some constraints, which are working as hindrances like increase in population, high level of fiscal policy, high level of monetary policies, treatment awareness and changes in requirements of the vulnerable people, who are suffering from mental and physical needs. On the other hand, recently UK government has noticed that UK people are heavily suffering from the illness and low level of care. People from the poor and low class cannot afford medical treatment due to the increased price of the health care system ("Partnership in nursing care (PINC): the Blackburn model", 2001). Besides, professionals in the health care setting are incapable of recognizing the disease. They fail to identify the risk earlier; from the examples of several cases, it is clear that due to lack of preventive care people are suffering. From the report of the Mid Staffordshire NHS Trust, the case of Victoria Climbie has gained medical attention for delivering poor service. This case is the perfect example of awful partnership in health care setting. This case is the consequence of low level of partnership among the employees, agencies and professionals. After this incident, UK government put emphasis on the importance of effecting partnership working so that health care organizations can deliver service that is more effective and provide support to the patients. Health care organizations should form strategic partnership with the NHS trust and other organizations in UK. In the case of the Victoria Climbie Case, she had died due to the negligence of doctors, social workers and staffs; even a police officer included in the negligence. There were failed to identify the mark of intentional harm on the body of Victoria. Even the lack of system was also responsible behind the death of the Victoria; the error in system failure cannot not be forgiven. The death of Toddler in Sheffield Childrens Hospital, UK is another example of careless attitude of the medical practitioners. Complete failure communication between was the prime reason behind the death of the two years boy. After vomiting blood, Tharun had sent for three endoscopies still the doctors could not able to identify the disease, Dr. Campbell discharged him from the hospital but after one day, he stated vomiting blood again. Many other doctors are stated that he could be safe after a life-saving operation but due to lack of collaboration between the surgeons and Gastro-enterologists, the child has to lose his life ("Boy, two, bled to death in hospital after a complete failure of communication between doctors, inquest hears", 2013). Conclusion From the above two case study, it is clear that communication and partnership in the health care organization play an integral role. In both case, victims are died due to failure of communication and partnership. Working is Partnership is formed with the aim of providing better service to the service users. A successful partnership can only be formed with the help of the effective communication among the professionals (Soothill, Mackay Webb, 2005). There are several benefits that can be derived from the Working in partnership and these benefits are for the both service users and service providers. References Addicott, R. (2009). Better Partnership Working Complete Set. Health Social Care In The Community, 17(5), 532-533. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2524.2009.00883_3.x Boy, two, bled to death in hospital after a complete failure of communication between doctors, inquest hears. (2013). Mail Online. Retrieved 27 March 2016, from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2286012/Toddler-bleeds-death-complete-failure-communication-doctors.html Carnwell, R., Buchanan, J., Carnwell, R. (2009). Effective practice in health, social care and criminal justice. Maidenhead: McGraw Hill/Open University Press. Edwards, K. (2005). Partnership working in mental health care. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. Glasby, J., Dickinson, H. (2008). Partnership working in health and social care. Bristol [England]: Policy Press in association with Community Care. Glasby, J., Dickinson, H. (2009). International perspectives on health and social care. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell/CAIPE. Glasby, J., Dickinson, H. (2009). International perspectives on health and social care. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell/CAIPE. Glasby, J., Peck, E. (2004). Care trusts. Abingdon, U.K.: Radcliffe Medical Press. Hunter, D., Perkins, N. (2014). Partnership working in public health. Bristol: Policy Press. Jelphs, K., Dickinson, H. (2008). Working in teams. Bristol [England]: Policy Press in association with Community Care. Mackenzie, G. (2009). Effective Practice in Health, Social Care and Criminal Justice: A Partnership Approach. Health Social Care In The Community, 18(1), 115-116. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2524.2009.00898_10.x Manthorpe, J. (2008). Partnership Working in Health and Social Care. Journal Of Interprofessional Care, 22(5), 560-561. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13561820802239355 Odle, K. (2008). In My Opinion...Partnership for Family-Centered Care: Reality or Fantasy?. Children's Health Care, 17(2), 85-86. https://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15326888chc1702_4 Partnership in nursing care (PINC): the Blackburn model. (2001). Journal Of Child Health Care, 5(1), 35-38. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136749350100500106 Snape, S., Taylor, P. (2004). Partnerships Between Health and Local Government. Taylor Francis. Soni, H. (2014). Partnership Working in Health and Social Care Glasby Jon and Dickinson Helen Partnership Working in Health and Social Care128pp 9.99 Policy Press 9781447312819 1447312813. Nursing Management, 21(8), 12-12. https://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nm.21.8.12.s14 Soothill, K., Mackay, L., Webb, C. (2005). Interprofessional relations in health care. London: E. Arnold. Timor-Shlevin, S., Krumer-Nevo, M. (2015). Partnership-based practice with young people: relational dimensions of partnership in a therapeutic setting. Health Soc Care Community, n/a-n/a. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12227 Weinstein, L., LaNoue, M., Plumb, J., King, H., Stein, B., Tsemberis, S. (2013). A Primary Care-Public Health Partnership Addressing Homelessness, Serious Mental Illness, and Health Disparities. The Journal Of The American Board Of Family Medicine, 26(3), 279-287. https://dx.doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2013.03.120239